LEACH and Its Enhancements Techniques–A Review

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the life span depends on the energy consumption of the sensor node, by reducing the energy consumption of each node which in turn increases the lifetime of the network. Clustering is an effective technique to reduce the energy consumption. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is the first hierarchical cluster based routing protocol successfully used in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In this paper, we present a recent survey of hierarchical routing protocols which are based on LEACH protocol. Specifically, we will show the network life time and energy consumption for each protocol. Furthermore, a comparison of these protocols in terms of advantages, disadvantages, communication pattern and energy efficiency are provided to identify the research issues to be solved and idea for the future proposed routing algorithms of wireless networks based on LEACH routing algorithm.